How does Nirsevimab Provide Immunity Against RSV in Infants, Including How It Differs from Traditional Vaccines?

Nirsevimab: Providing Infants Immunity Against RSV

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common and potentially severe respiratory infection that affects infants and young children. While most cases are mild, RSV can cause serious complications, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia, leading to hospitalization and even death.

Traditional Vaccines vs. Nirsevimab

Traditional vaccines work by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against a specific virus or bacteria. Nirsevimab, however, takes a different approach. It is a monoclonal antibody, which means it is a laboratory-produced protein that mimics the antibodies naturally produced by the immune system.

How Nirsevimab Works

Nirsevimab provides passive immunity against RSV. When injected into an infant, it binds to the RSV virus, preventing it from infecting and replicating in the respiratory tract. This protection lasts for approximately five months, covering the peak RSV season.

Key Differences from Traditional Vaccines

• Passive Immunity vs. Active Immunity: Nirsevimab provides passive immunity, which is immediate and does not require the body to produce its own antibodies. Traditional vaccines stimulate active immunity, which takes time to develop.
• Duration of Protection: Nirsevimab protects infants for about five months, while traditional vaccines provide long-term immunity.
• Administration: Nirsevimab is administered as a single injection, whereas traditional vaccines require multiple doses over time.

Benefits of Nirsevimab

Clinical trials have shown that nirsevimab can significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization due to RSV by up to 90%. It is safe and well-tolerated, with minimal side effects.

Equity in Access

Equitable access to nirsevimab is crucial to protect all infants from the severe consequences of RSV. Currently, some countries and regions have implemented national immunization programs for nirsevimab, while others lag behind.

Conclusion

Nirsevimab is a safe and effective way to provide infants with passive immunity against RSV. By understanding how it differs from traditional vaccines and advocating for equitable access, we can protect all infants from this potentially devastating virus.